Sasak House

Sasak tribes is a native and ethnic majority in Lombok, NTB. As indigenous peoples, tribes have Sasak culture system as recorded in the book of essays Nagara Kartha Gama master Nala from Majapahit. In the book, the Sasak tribe called "Sak-Sak Lomboq Adhi Mirah." If the currently authored the book Sasak tribe has a culture of sustainable systems, the ability to still exist until now, this is one proof that the tribe is able to protect and preserve traditional .

One form of proof of Sasak culture is a form of building custom homes. House is not just a place to multifunction occupancy, but also have aesthetic and philosophical messages of its inhabitants, both the architecture and layout space. Sasak traditional houses on the roof shaped like a mountain, dive to the bottom with a range of about 1.5 to 2 meters above the ground. Roof and bubungannya (BUNGUS) made of beams, walls of woven bamboo, only has one small and no windows. Columns (kernel) is divided into Inan bale (holding area) which includes bale out (sleeping) and bale palace be a place to store wealth, the mother gave birth to space once before the buried corpse burried space.
Dalem bale space equipped divan, kitchen, and sempare (a place to store food and other household appliances) are made from bamboo size 2 x 2 meters square or rectangular can. Furthermore there is sesangkok (living room) and the entrance to the pan. Between the bale and bale out the door and stairs palace there (three places) and the form of a mixture of ground floor with buffalo dung or horse, rubber and straw ash. Terraces, terraces (steps), used as a bridge between rural and bale bale palace.
Another thing that quite interesting to note from home Sasak traditional development patterns. In building the house, the Sasak adapt to the needs of family or group will not. That is, development is not just to mememenuhi family needs but also the needs of the group. Because the concept is, the housing complex Sasak culture appears regularly as harmonious life reflects the local population.
Lombok traditional house form developed during the reign of the Karang Asem (17th century), in which the architecture of Bali Lombok married to architecture. In addition to shelter, the house also has an aesthetic, philosophical, and simple life of the residents in the past that rely on natural resources as a daily maintenance cost, as well as the development of the house. The floor of the house is a mixture of clay, rubber tree and darkvictory Banten (local term), plus the existing coke batteries in the rocks, ashes of burnt straw, then oiled with buffalo dung or horse at the top floor. Material to the floor of the house serves as gluten, also use to avoid the floor is not moist. Flooring materials to be used, by the people at Dusun Sade, considering buffalo dung or cow can not bersenyawa with clay which is the type of soil in the orchard.

Sasak traditional home construction was presumably associated with the Islamic perspective. Of stairs last three is the symbol of the human life cycle: birth, grow, and die. Also as batih family (father, mother, and children), or four-poster berugak symbol of Islam: Holy Quran, Hadith, Ijma, Qiyas). Junior and senior children in the age determined the location of his house. Parents' home at the highest level, followed by the eldest and youngest daughter was in the rock bottom. This is a teaching of moral values ​​that the sister in the attitude and acts should be the role models sister.
The house facing east on the old symbolic meaning that it first receive / enjoy the warm morning sun rather than the young physically stronger. It also could mean, so leave the house to work and earn a living, people wish they had pleased God through the prayers of them, and it was noted that the door of his house facing east or opposite to the direction of the sun (west / test). Guests even have to stoop when entering a relatively short doors. Perhaps the bow position was indirectly hinted an existing ethics or honor to the host from the guest.
Then the barn, but to teach its citizens to live prudently and not extravagant for logistics stocks stored therein, can only be taken at certain times, such as once a month. Logistic materials (rice and palawija) shall not be dikuras out, but disisakan for urgent need, such as failing to anticipate harvest due to weather and crop damaging animals attack or material to provide syukuran if there is a family member died.
Berugak that is in front of the house, as well as a tribute to the things which the Lord, also serves as a living, receiving guests, also a control tool for the local people. For example, if you arrive at nine in the morning still sitting in berugak and do not leave home to work in the fields, farms, and farms, perhaps he is ill.
Since the process of planning a house built, the role of women or wife come first. For example, the distance usuk bamboo roof frame as wide as the head of the wife, the high storage kitchen tool (sempare) must be accomplished wife's arm, but the width of the body-sized door wife. To develop and rehabilitate the house done in mutual assistance in spite of food, the following building materials, provided by the host.

In the Sasak people, home is in the dimension of the sacred (holy) and the profane world) simultaneously. This means that traditional Sasak house as well as a shelter and gather the family members is also a place sacred rituals fulfilled as a manifestation of confidence in God, ancestral spirits (papuk blocks) bale (house spirits), and sebaginya.
Changes in the knowledge society, the increasing number of residents and changes in many other external factors (such as safety factors, geographical, and topographical) causes changes in the functional and physical form of the custom house. Nevertheless, the concept of development, such as architecture, layout, and retains the characteristic pattern is based on traditional philosophical values ​​which are transmitted from generation to generation.

Time and Location Selection
To get started building the house, find the appropriate time, be guided on the board warige who came from Adam and Tajul Tapel almanac Muluq. Not everyone has the ability to determine a good day, usually people who want to build a house to ask the customary leaders. Sasak people of Lombok believe that a good time to start building the house is in the third and twelfth month of the Sasak removal, which is the month Rabiul Awal and Muharram in the Islamic calendar. There is also and determines based on the names of people who will build the house. While most avoided months (abstinence) to build the house was in the month of Muharram and Ramadlan. In the second of this month, according to the faith community, houses built tend to invite disaster, such as disease, fire, confidential Rizqi, and so on.
Besides the question of a good time to start development, the Sasak are also selective in determining the location of the home stand. They believe that the incorrect location may result in less favorable to dedicate it. For example, they will not be developed on the former fireplace tumah, former landfills, the former pit, and the position of the road or rails GUBUG skewers. In addition, the Sasak people will not build a house opposite to the direction and size different from the first house there. According to them, violates the concept of an act against the taboo (maliq-lenget).
While the material needed to build the house, among others: the wooden brackets, bamboo, woven from bamboo for the walls, straw and coarse grass used for roofing, kotaran buffalo or horses as a mixture of materials to stiffen the floor, rubber tree and darkvictory Banten , ashes of straw, used as a mixture to stiffen the floor

Read More

12:25 AM | 0 comments

Rakit House

Musi River is the pulse of the city of Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia. In the Dutch records, in the early 19th century, the city was called the "Venice of the East" or city water, because more than 100 rivers and creeks flowing in this city. According to statistics the city of Palembang, covering 52.24 percent of the area are the waters. With such natural conditions, many people make use river transport as a means of transportation both in the city or to connect with other regions.

The number of rivers not only affect the transportation, but also on the architecture of the building for shelter residents. The choice of location for residence, for example, usually considers several factors, including proximity to water sources, food sources, and the location of their livelihoods. For the people of Palembang, where the rivers serve as sources of food, livelihood, and especially water resources. In the architectural concept that has built environment, buildings are always influenced by environmental conditions. In other words, natural conditions will directly affect human behavior, including in designing the architecture of his house.

One of the buildings that are characteristic of people living in the river area is home rafts. Raft house is home to a fixed (not moving) are floating. These types of homes made of wood and bamboo with a roof awning (palm), shingles and more recently using a tin roof (materials that are lighter). Raft Houses built on a Raft, both made of a series of wooden blocks or from bamboo. The door to the raft houses usually have two, one overlooking the river and the other facing the mainland. Window, typically, are on the left and right side walls of the house rafts, but there is also located on the right and left of the entrance of the house. Raft home not just emergency shelter. Rafts are a number of home-lasting legacy across the generations inhabited for decades, although the underlying bamboo rafts and mooring poles need to be replaced periodically.

Raft building in order not to move where, four corners mounted a sturdy pole. There are times to strengthen the position of the Raft house, the building was tied with ropes made of rattan, and fastened on a solid milestone in the riverbank. The existence of the rope in case a milestone in the fourth corner of the house damaged or decayed rafts.
home raft

Raft house is the oldest form of home in the city of Palembang and may have existed at the time of the kingdom of Srivijaya. In the days of the Sultanate of Palembang all foreign nationals must be settled on the rafts, including British, Spanish, Dutch, Chinese, Champa, Siam, and even the first Dutch Trade office is above the rafts, complete with a warehouse. Raft house as a residence is in addition also serves as a warehouse, and economic activity.

Because of the changing patterns of human thought and the limitations of materials to make home Raft, Raft number of homes are getting less. This condition is exacerbated by the emergence of the notion of local authorities that the existence of rafts made rundown house river views. In addition, the raft houses are also considered as sources of river pollution because residents dispose of trash and debris directly into the rivers. The existence of the opinion that the raft house is a symbol of squalor and pollution sources not infrequently a reason for evicting the existence of rafts home.

In fact, if managed properly, the existence of the home can be a crutch Raft regional economy, such as tourism commodities. It's just something to think about is how the original inhabitants of the house so that rafts can also enjoy the benefits. If not, the development of a tourism commodity Raft house will only cause the expulsion of the native inhabitants of the house rafts. Not impossible, with reasons to support regional tourism, houses Rakit evicted and destroyed, its inhabitants were expelled and replaced with the business. The existence of rafts will shift ownership of the house due to global tourism issues

Rebuilding homes Rakit by local governments to support regional tourism is certainly a strategic move to preserve the Raft house, only if the original inhabitants were not included in the motion of tourism development, not impossible, for the construction of a disaster for the natives.
home raft
Raft house not only served as a residence, but also for economic activities.

Read More

6:30 AM | 0 comments

Mendut Temple

Mendut is a Buddhist temple. This temple is situated in the village Mendut, Mungkid district, Magelang regency, Central Java, a few kilometers from Borobudur temple.

Mendut founded during the reign of King Indra of the dynasty dynasty. Inside the inscription Karangtengah
bertarikh 824 AD, mentioned that the king Indra has built a shrine called Veluvana which means bamboo forests. By a Dutch archaeologist named J.G. de Casparis, this word is associated with Mendut.

Mendut temple architecture

Building materials is actually a brick temple that is covered with natural stone. The building is located on a
basement high, so it looks more elegant and sturdy. Climbed the stairs and the entrance facing south-west. Above the basement there is a hallway that surrounds the temple. The roof is three-tiered and decorated with small stupas. The number of small stupas built today is 48 buah.Tinggi building is 26.4 meters. 

Mendut temple ruins before restoration, 1880.

 

Decoration on the temple Mendut
 

Decoration found on temple ornaments Mendut be intermittent. Decorated with carved creatures
goddess of heaven and angels, two monkeys and an eagle.
On both sides of the stairs there are reliefs Pancatantra and Jataka stories.

Buddha in a position dharmacakramudra.

Inside the main temple there were three huge Buddha statues: the Dhyani Buddha hand Wairocana with attitude (Mudra) dharmacakramudra. In front of Buddha statues there are wheel-shaped relief and flanked by a pair of deer, the symbol Buddha. On the left there is a statue right Awalokiteśwara (Padmapāņi) and Wajrapāņi statues. Now in put incense before Buddha statues, incense and baskets to donate. The visitors could spark an incense and praying here.

Read More

6:19 AM | 0 comments

Rumah Betang

Rumah Betang is the typical traditional house found in various parts of Kalimantan, especially in upstream areas which usually becomes the center of the Dayak tribe settlements, where the river is the main transport pathway for the Dayak to perform a variety of mobility of everyday life like going to work to the fields where Dayak tribe fields are usually far from residential areas, or perform trade activities (the ancient Dayak tribes usually trade using the barter system with the mutual exchange of fields, orchards and livestock).
Special Interest forms and large houses will vary in different places. There are houses that reach lengths of Special Interest 150 meters wide and up to 30 meters. Special Interest Generally houses built in the form of a stage with a height of three to five feet off the ground. Special Interest tall building, I expect to avoid flooding during the rainy season that threatened areas upriver in Borneo. Some residential units can have more than one Special Interest houses hanging fruit the size of the household members of the residential community. Each household (family) occupies the chamber (room) that the barriers of a large house the Special Interest, in addition to the general Dayak tribes also have single houses built temporarily to perform agricultural activities, it is because away distances between fields with the settlement.
More than a building for residential Dayak tribe, Special Interest actual house is the heart of the social structure of the life of the Dayak people. Special Interest culture is a reflection of the togetherness in the daily life of the Dayak people. Special Interest in the house is every individual's life in households and communities are systematically arranged by mutual agreement set forth in the customary law. Common security, both from criminal interference or sharing food, the joys and sorrows as well as mobilization of manpower to work the fields. The main value that stands out in his home life is the value of togetherness Special Interest (communalism) among the citizens who inhabit it, regardless of the differences they have. From here we learn that the Dayak tribe is a tribe that respects difference. Appreciate the differences in ethnic Dayak tribe, religion or social background.

But at present too many outsiders (and even Indonesia's own people) think that the Dayak tribe is closed, individual, rude and barbarous. Actually this is a big lie created by the Dutch colonial time period of Indonesia's independence struggle to divide the unity, especially among the Dayak themselves at that upholds the culture of Special Interest home. And a lie is still considered correct until now by those who do not know the correct Dayaks. For example, writing works of the Dutchman named J. Lameijn called Sunrise, which the article is very degrading the Dayak people. Passages were as follows.
“ …. Setelah habis pertcakapan itu, cukuplah pengetahuan saya tentang orang Dayak. Sebelum itu saya sudah tahu, bahwa orang Dayak itu amat kasar dan biadab tabiatnya. Kalau tiada terpaksa, tiadalah saja berani berjalan sendiri ditanahnya, karena tentulah saja akan kembali tiada berkepala lagi”.

".... Having finished the conversation, suffice my knowledge of the Dayaks. Before that I already knew, that the Dayaks were very rude and savage temperament. If there is no forced, Nor dare to walk alone ditanahnya course, because surely it will come back dead-headed again. "
Bad image of the Dayak community in perparah again with the emergence of ethnic riots that occurred in Kalimantan, which in large-scale exposure to out of the country (mainly via internet) regardless of the actual cause of the riots are only looking at based on the massacre that occurred, such as the riots in West Kalimantan (Sambas) and Central Kalimantan (Palangkaraya and Sampit). I myself was in Sampit city during the riots first broke out on February 18, 2001 and two days later I was in Palangkaraya, when I was a junior high school third grade. Based on my views on the ethnic riots in Sampit and Palangkaraya, where here I am not in favor of any tribe, but I prefer to see actual facts on the ground during my stay in Sampit from my childhood to the outbreak of conflict Sampit. Riots are not the result of intellectual figures who want to disrupt a state or feeling jealous because a particular ethnic Dayak tribe is more successful in earning a living in Borneo, but more to the injury of the Dayak community are buried feelings for years due to not appreciate that their culture Special Interest owned by a particular ethnic, until the pain of the injury can not be arrested again by the Dayak community and ultimately lead to the outbreak of the bloody conflict. Certain ethnic groups are supposed to better understand the proverb "Where dipijak earth, where sky upheld", instead of being arrogant and selfish and do not respect the local culture (cultural house that upholds the value of togetherness Special Interest, equal rights, mutual respect, and tolerance).
Now, the house is a dwelling betang Dayak people gradually disappeared in Borneo. Even if the occupants can still be found to no longer make it as a main house, where the family shelter, grow and share their stories with the community. Special Interest stay a distant memory for most of the Dayak. In some places scattered, the house is maintained as a place of Special Interest for the tourists. Call it, for example in Palangkaraya Special Interest there is a house built in the 1990s but rather seen as a monument that is not inhabited. Younger generation of Dayaks are now no longer living at home and grew up Special Interest (including myself). Special Interest is said to only be found in corners, the interior of Borneo without knowing the exact location. The statement of course implies that the home Special Interest only story of the tradition associated with backwardness and underdevelopment of the modern lifestyle.

Read More

2:56 AM | 0 comments

Honai House

The traditional house of Papuans, or commonly called Honai.

Papua is home Honai typical inhabited by the Dani. Honai houses made of wood with a conical roof made of straw or reeds. Honai has a small door and no windows. Actually, the structure was built Honai narrow or small, windowless intended to withstand the cold mountains of Papua.

Honai consists of two floors of the first floor as a bed and a second floor for a place to relax, eat, and do crafts. Due to built 2 floor, Honai has approximately 2.5 meters high. In the middle of the house prepared a place for a bonfire to warm themselves. Honai house is divided into three types, namely for men (called Honai), women (called Ebei), and pigsty (called Wamai)

 

Honai ordinary house inhabited by 5 to 10 people. Honai house in one building used for a place to rest (sleep), other buildings for dining together, and the third building to the cattle pens. Houses Honai generally divided into two levels. Ground floor and first floor are connected by stairs from bamboo. The men slept on the ground floor in a circle, while the women slept on the floor

Inside the house Honai or Ebei, look no single household. Honai indeed be a home for people in the township Wamena. But for the beds, they only use dry grass as the base. Alas it will be replaced with new grass taken from the field or garden, if you've seen dirty. Inside Honai also no chairs or tables, they make the floor of the house made of soil as a cushion.

Inside the house Honai also no electric lights. For lighting, they make fire by digging the soil in the bottom floor of the house to be a furnace. Because Honai has no windows and illumination only from the fire, the atmosphere in the house will feel more and more dark when night falls.

In a housing complex occupied by one family and there are several Honai. The number indicates the number of wives Honai there, here found many men of more than one wife in particular tribal chiefs or Ondoafi.

Read More

8:48 AM | 0 comments

Rumah Gadang (Gadang House)

Houses gadang a Minangkabau traditional house. Gadang house has features that are very typical. The form is essentially a rectangular beam that expands upward. Melintangnya sharp curved lines and ramps in the middle of the lower. Curved roof of his house is very sharp like buffalo horns, while the curved body and home ramps like the hull. Roof made ​​of palm fiber. Form a curved roof and pointed upward is called gonjong. Because of its roof form gonjong, then the house is also home gadang bagonjong.

Gadang which form the roof like a buffalo horn is often associated with stories Tambo Minangkabau Alam. The story of victory in the event of Minang people fighting against the Javanese buffalo.

The forms resemble buffalo horns are very commonly used in the Minangkabau, either as symbol or the jewelry. One of them in traditional clothes, namely tingkuluak tanduak (tengkuluk horn) to Bundo Kanduang.

The origins of house gadang also often associated with travel stories Minangkabau ancestors. The legend says gadang Minangkabau house body shape that resembles a ship's body is to imitate the form of boat Minangkabau ancestors during the first. Boat ancestor is known as presumptuous.

According to the story, this sassy ancestors originally sailed into the upper Batang Kampar. After arriving in an area, the passengers and crew climbed ashore. This sassy also drawn to the land so as not decomposed by the water stream.

Presumptuous then supported by the timber to stand strong. Then, it was presumptuous to hang the screen on the roof with a rope attached to the pole presumptuous. Furthermore, because the screen is hanging very heavy, rope-rope to form arches that resemble gonjong. This presumptuous to make a temporary shelter. Furthermore, the passenger boat makes a dwelling house that resembles those presumptuous. Once the ancestors of the Minangkabau of this spread, the form continues to be presumptuous that bergonjong as the characteristic shape of their home. Given these characteristics, among them even his descendants become easier to recognize each other. They will easily find out that the house had belonged to their relatives gonjong originating from the same sassy landed on the edge of Batang Kampar.

The sections in the House Gadang Minangkabau

Minangkabau traditional house is called house gadang is because the size of this house is big. Great in the Minangkabau language is gadarig. So, home gadang means big house. The inside of the house is a room off the large sieve, except the bedroom. The room is off the main room consisting of tapering and space that is marked by poles. Pole house gadang berbanjar from the face to the back or from left to right. Berbanjar mast from front to back mbnandai tapering, while the pole of right now to mark the space. So-called tapering is the room from front to back. The rooms are lined up from left to right is called space.

Number of tapering depends on the big house. Usually the amount of tapering is two, three, four clans. Number of rooms usually consist of an odd number between three and eleven. Gadang house size depending onamount lanjarnya .

 As a big house, then in the house there was gadang parts that have special functions. Another part of the house is the large sieve under the floor. This section is called the pit of a house gadang. Gadang under the house is quite high and wide. These pools are usually used as a storehouse of agricultural equipment or used as a women's weaving. All parts of this pit covered with a latticed ruyung rare.

Gadang house wall made ​​of wood, except the back of the bamboo. The wall board is installed vertically. At each connection board framed. All boards are filled with carvings. Sometimes the pole is in the well carved. Thus, ukirang is the dominant decoration in the home building gadang Minangkabau. Carvings here are not associated with beliefs that are sacred, but only as valuable works of art decoration.

Read More

7:58 PM | 0 comments

Joglo

Joglo is a traditional house of Javanese society. Consisting of 2 main sections namely Pendapa and deep. Pendapa this part is the front that have a large room Joglo without barriers, typically used to receive guests or a playroom where children and family leisure. The inside is part of a room in the house bedroom, living room and other spaces that are more privacy. The characteristics of the building is on the roof pendapanya towering like a mountain.

Type of Building Joglo Variations

1. Joglo limasan lawakan atau “joglo lawakan”.
2. Joglo Sinom
3. Joglo Jompongan
4. Joglo Pangrawit
5. Joglo Mangkurat
6. Joglo Hageng
7. Joglo Semar Tinandhu
8. Joglo Lambang Sari

 Joglo Semar Tinandu

Joglo Semar Tinandu (semar diusung/semar dipikul) was inspired from a stretcher. Joglo is usually used to regol or royal gate

Joglo Lambang Sari

 Joglo Lambangsari is a joglo with a continuous roof system construction. This form is the most widely used in traditional Javanese buildings.

Read More

2:25 AM | 0 comments

Tongkonan, Torajan traditional House

Tongkonan is a traditional house of Toraja people. The roof is curved like a boat, consisting of bamboo structure (currently part tongkonan using zinc roof). At the front there is a row of water buffalo horn. The interior of the room used as a bed and kitchen. Tongkonan used also as a place to store the bodies. Tongkonan derived from the word tongkon (meaning sit together). Tongkonan divided based on the level or role in society (social Stara Society Toraja). In front there tongkonan rice granary, the so-called 'grass'. Granary poles are made from palm tree trunks (Bangah) is currently partly already casted. At the front of the barn there are a variety of carvings, including a picture of chicken and sun, a symbol to resolve the matter.

Read More

10:36 PM | 0 comments